Disaster Management :: Disaster Preparedness,

The growing in unpredictable natural fortuitys events for a decade has led to couch the disaster fakedness as a central issue in disaster management. Disaster prepargondness reduces the risk of loss merrys and injuries and increases a mental object for coping when hazard occurs. Considering the value of the preparatory behavior, governments, local, national and international institutions and non-government organizations make some efforts in promoting disaster training. However, although a number of resources obligate been expended in an effort to promote behavioural preparedness, a common finding in research on natural disaster is that people fail to back away preparation for such disaster events (Paton, 2005 Shaw 2004 Spittal, et.al, 2005 Tierney, 1993 Kenny, 2009 Kapucu, 2008 Coppola and Maloney, 2009). For example, the fact that nearly 91% of Americans live in a moderate to high risk of natural disasters, further 16% take a preparation for natural disaster (Ripley, 2006 ). This leave out of preparation takes place in different places and involves different hazards. In the mooring of hurricane, alone half of all respondents living in Central Florida have hurricane evacuation plan in place (Kapucu, 2008). Another finding revealed that all 8 percent of all respondent have prepared a disaster supplies kit in home. Kenny (2009) found that close to residents in randomness Florida, hurricane-prone area, failed to take preparatory measures such as securing bottled water and food when storms strike. In another place and a different hazard, the result of study show the same finding. Paton and Prior (2008) studied bushfire preparation in Tasmania show that most respondents had undertaken some form of protective behavior only minimal and limited. They started to prepare after they were warned by disaster emergency services.According to Nakagawa (2009) people are reluctant to take action by spending money and clip because they perceived some disasters h ave low probability. Earthquake, for instance, due to difficult to predict, in many cases people tend to neglect preparing earthquake risk. In a survey in 1974, Kenny (2009) concluded that only 12 percent respondents in California households have taken action measure preventing earthquakes. However, Nakagawa (2009) also noted that although people living in frequently natural disaster such as floods and typhoons, they do not take a proper action. For example, only 10% people had evacuated to safer locations when the Tokage typhoon hit Japan, in Toyooka city. Some argued that level of preparedness is most likely affected by direct experience of the disaster (Tierney, 1993).